The demonstrative pronouns, like the nouns, are marked for gender and number. There are two pairs of pronouns for "this" and "these" that are interchangeable:
Have a look at these phrases and sentences:
Masculine | Feminine | |||||
ዝንቱ | zəntu | This1 | ዛቲ | zati | This1 | |
ዝ- | zə- | This2 | ዛ- | za- | This2 | |
እሉ | əllu | These1 | እላ | əlla | These1 | |
እሎንቱ | əllontu | These2 | እላንቱ | əllantu | These2 | |
ውእቱ | wə’ətu | That | ይእቲ | yə’əti | That | |
እሙንቱ | əmuntu | Those | እማንቱ | əmantu | Those |
Have a look at these phrases and sentences:
ዝንቱ፡ብእሲ | zəntu bə’əsi | This man… |
ዛብእሲት | za-bə’əsit | This woman… |
ዝቤተ፡ክርስቲያን | zə-bête kərəstiyan | This church… |
ዛቲ፡ሀገር | zati heger | This city… |
እሉ፡ነቢያት | əllu nebiyat | These prophets… |
እላንቱ፡አህጉር | əllantu ehgur | These cities… |
ዝንቱ፡ብእሲ፡ውእቱ፡ንጉሥ። | zəntu bə’əsi wə’ətu nəguš | This man is a/the king. | |||
ዝንቱ፡ብእሲ፡ንጉሥ፡ውእቱ። | zəntu bə’əsi nəguš wə’ətu | ||||
ዛቲ፡ብእሲት፡ይእቲ፡ንግሥት። | zati bə’əsit yə’əti nəgešt | This woman is a/the queen. | |||
ዝውእቱ፡ቤተ፡ክርስቲያን። | zə-wə’ətu béta-kərəstiyan | That is a/the church. | |||
ዛቲ፡ይእቲ፡ሀገር። | zati yə’əti heger | This is a/the city. | |||
ዝንቱ፡ውእቱ፡ሕግ። | zəntu wə’ətu ḥəgg | This is the law. | |||
ዛሀገር፡ይእቲ፡ኢየሩሳሌም። | za-heger yə’əti iyərusalem | This city is Jerusalem. | |||
There is another set of demonstrative pronouns which appear much less than the ones above. These demonstrative pronouns mark distance or disdain from the speaker’s point of view.
Masculine | Feminine | |||||||||
ዝኩ | zəku | This | እንትኩ | əntəku | This | |||||
ዝክቱ | zəktu | That | እንታክቲ | əntakti | That | |||||
እልኩ | əlləku | These1 | ||||||||
እልክ | əlləktu | Those1 | ||||||||
Have a look at this example:
ዝኩ፡ብእሲ፡ውእቱ፡አብ። | zəku bə’əsi wə’ətu eb | That man over there is the father. |
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